Chronic Tendonitis - What

#ffffff;" />Dequervain’s tendonitis, is felt on the outside of
So, you’ve been diagnosed with tendonitis andthe thumb.
you’ve gone through the usual types ofTendonitis in this area is managed with glucorticoid
treatment programs like physical therapy,injections and immobilization with a splint. Physical
anti-inflammatory drugs, and even cortisone shots.therapy modalities may be helpful. Rarely, if ever, is
What else is available?surgery required. Tendonitis in the fingers can lead to
Before we discuss the exciting new ways ofcatching of the fingers. This is termed “trigger
managing chronic tendonitis, let’s talk aboutfinger.” Trigger finger usually responds to
what tendonitis is… and what it isn’t.injection.
Tendons are thick cords of fibrous tissue that connectTendonitis in the knee may affect the patellar tendon.
muscles to bones. It is this connection that allows jointThis is the tendon that connects the knee cap to the
motion. When muscles contract, they pull on thetibia (lower leg bone). Patellar tendonitis usually occurs
tendons which cause the bones to move.because of excessive jumping and is actually called
In order for tendons to glide they move inside a“jumpers knee.” This is treated with rest,
lubricated sheath of tissue that is lined with synovialanti-inflammatory medications, and physical therapy.
tissue. This synovial tissue is the same type of tissueTendonitis in the ankle can occur along the outside of
that lines the inside of joints. Tendonitis occurs whenthe ankle (peroneal tendonitis), the inside of the ankle
the sheath through which a tendon glides becomes(posterior tibial tendonitis), or at the back of the ankle
inflamed. This leads to severe pain. The pain usually(Achilles tendonitis). The tendonitis that occurs along
gets worse with use of the affected joint. However,the outside or inside of the ankle can occur because
when tendonitis becomes severe, there may be painof trauma or because of mechanical instability. Another
at rest, particularly at night.potential cause is an underlying arthritis condition.
Since muscles and tendons surround most joints,Achilles tendonitis often occurs as a result of
tendonitis is rather common. The diagnosis of tendonitisexcessive stress and loading of the tendon as well as
is relatively simple for the experienced clinician.repetitive motion. The Achilles tendon is the thick cord
Generally, the diagnosis is made by history andat the back of the ankle that connects the heel bone
physical examination. In difficult diagnostic cases,to the calf muscle. Treatment involves rest, elevation
diagnostic ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging isof the heel to take the tension off the Achilles tendon,
helpful in confirming the diagnosis.and physical therapy. Glucocorticoid injection should be
Some of the more common types of tendonitis are:avoided because of the danger of Achilles tendon
Shoulder tendonitis. The tendons in the shoulder thatrupture. Anti-inflammatory medication may be helpful.
are most often affected are the rotator cuff andSo what can be done to treat chronic tendonitis?
biceps tendons.What can you do if you’ve tried all of the
The rotator cuff consists of four tendons that sit onabove treatments and still have a problem?
top of the upper arm bone. They are theThe first new approach, particularly with tendons that
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, and teresare balky is to use hydrodissection. This is a form of
minor tendons. The location of these tendons and thetreatment where a small gauge needle is introduced
muscles they attach to are what give the shoulderinto the tendon sheath and a large volume of saline,
such a great range of motion.glucocorticoid, and lidocaine are used to dissect the
Rotator cuff tendonitis may occur as a result ofsheath away from the tendon. Often chronic
repetitive activity or tendon degeneration. Pain is feltinflammation causes the sheath and tendon to stick
with most movements and is usually located on thetogether and this can cause pain as well as loss of
outside part of the shoulder. Certain movements suchfunction. This type of therapy is particularly effective
as reaching behind or to the side may befor the small tendons in the hand.
uncomfortable.Another new form of therapy called tenotomy is now
The biceps tendon permits the arm to be flexed at thebeing used. This almost always negates the need for
elbow. Biceps tendonitis also occurs due to repetitivean open surgical procedure. With tenotomy, a small
activity and pain is felt in the front of the shoulder.gauge needle is introduced with local anesthetic and
Shoulder tendonitis can sometimes be treatedused to “irritate” the insertion of the
successfully with anti-inflammatory medication, physicaltendon where the site of inflammation is located. The
therapy, and occasionally glucocorticoid (cortisone)needle is inserted using direct ultrasound visualization.
injection. These methods are most useful for acuteAfter the needling, injection of a small amount of
tendonitis.platelet rich plasma (PRP) is performed at the site of
Tendonitis in the elbow is usually located either on theneedling, again using direct ultrasound visualization. PRP
outside and is called lateral epicondylitis or tennis elbow.is rich in growth factors that stimulate healing. The
It may also occur along the inside part of the elbow-process of healing takes only a few days to weeks
medial epicondylitis. This is called golfer’s elbow.as opposed to the several weeks to months that an
Treatment for this condition consists of physicalopen surgical procedure takes.
therapy, stretching and strengthening exercises, splints,Tenotomy can be performed at almost any site
and injections. While surgery is sometimeswhere there is chronic tendon inflammation. Results
recommended for chronic case, I will discuss why thatare usually excellent.
is inadvisable.Both of these procedures are excellent for the aging
Tendonitis in the wrist arises because of repetitiveathlete who wants to keep going.
motion. A peculiar form of tendonitis, called