How The Rules of Major League Baseball Have Impacted Baseball Coaching

Baseball coaching, along with society has changedbody strength. But even so - all the upper body
over the years. Baseball is the oldest professionalstrength in the world won't help if you don't have a
sport practiced in the United States, and its layeredsolid abdominal core, and good glutes to deliver power
and nuanced history lends us legends like Micky Mantlewhen you make contact.
and Babe Ruth, Lou Gehrig and Joe DiMaggio.Three other factors have altered the way professional
However, baseball coaching like the one that receivedbaseball players train, and alter the baseball coaching
Babe Ruth, or even Jumpin' Joe won't help you train toyou should receive if you want to get into the sport
be an effective player in modern baseball.seriously. The first is the length of the season. At 162
While modern baseball still has much the samegames, the season is very long. It takes a great toll
fundamental rules as it did when professional playover the course of April through late September, plus
started in the 1880s - the diamond has not changed,spring training. For college players used to a 36 game
the height of the pitchers mound has been dropped byseason, it's a shock how much longer a baseball
less than an inch, and the strike zone has beenseason is. Even those who've played in the minors
adjusted, but fundamentally, the game is unchanged.have found that the full on professional season is a
The impact of how the game is played on thegrind unlike anything they've seen before. That grind
professional level has put a significant priority onrequires mental toughness to get through the game.
baseball coaching, the different techniques applied andThe second factor is interleague play during the regular
overall training.season. Before interleague play came about, half of
First and foremost, this is the era of the specialistyour games would be in your home stadium and the
pitcher. Pitches are faster, pitching is more rigorous,other half would be in, at most, 10 other stadiums during
and the chance to injure yourself with ligament orthe season. This meant that adaptive baseball
rotator cuff damage is higher. The concept thatcoaching could prepare you to build up a mental
someone will ever pitch as many games as Cy Youngknowledge base of each stadium and its quirks, both
did is ludicrous; a 20-game winner in the pros isminor (the way that Coors Field channels the wind and
considered a rock as a pitcher.the mild slope towards left field) and major (the Green
Consequently, more of baseball coaching for pitchersMonster at Fenway). Now that there's interleague play,
focuses on short bursts of activity, with the aim beingbuilding up the feel for all the stadiums you'll be playing
to reduce the amount of damage each pitch does toin means having a visceral knowledge of all 29 away
you. Managers focus on rotating pitchers in and out atstadiums during the season; this has made things more
different times of the game, and often have specialistsdifficult for outfielders and catchers particularly.
and starting pitching setups tailored to specificThe final factor relevant to effective baseball coaching
opponents.is unbalanced schedules and what they've done to the
The other consequence of the specialist pitcher era istravel arrangements. Where it used to be that an east
that the bench still remains at 25 players; with more ofcoast team would do a series against Seattle, Oakland
those slots taken up by pitchers, the ability for theand San Diego over three weeks, then hit up Kansas
other players on defense to rest and recuperate isCity on the way back home, minimizing the travel
greatly diminished. Baseball is an endurance sport,budget (and the disruption from time zone shifts), the
particularly for outfielders, but even for first and thirdmodern era will have a series on the West Coast,
basemen. The emphasis on their training is core bodyfollowed by a series on the East Coast, followed by
strength, and focusing on building the "burst" from theiranother Midwest series, followed by a series in
legs (much the same way Olympic sprinters work out),Tampa.
while maintaining enough slow-twitch muscle to keepThe total amount of time spent traveling has gone up.
going for a long game, and a long season.(This is causing some owners to balk, as with the price
Core body strength is also critical for hitting; most ofof av-gas doubling in the last year, the travel budgets
the strength that drives a bat comes through theare getting expensive enough to notice, even for
thighs, hips and abdomen, with the shoulders and upperbaseball franchise owners.) All of these factors make
arms used make the bat respond quickly. Because ofthe baseball coaching and mental toughness part of
the era of the live ball, and the faster pitches,the game (and training to deal with it) more important
responsiveness on the bat puts a premium on upperthan ever.