Is Frozen Shoulder Permanent? Stupid Question Answered

I had a patient ask me the following: "I know this is astiffness, the shoulder joint can actually deteriorate to a
stupid question, but is a frozen shoulder permanent?" Ipoint where full recovery becomes very difficult if not
immediately assured her that her question was notimpossible. These long term effects can happen with
stupid, but in fact a rather good question. If you'veany condition that limits the joints mobility for a length
done any research into this condition you may alreadyof time such as bursitis, rotator cuff tears, or
know that most cases of a frozen shoulder willimmobilization after an arm fracture, not just frozen
eventually go away on its own after a 2-3 year period.shoulder. Permanent changes however can be
This may be true in some instances because as timereduced with early proper exercise under the guidance
passes the capsular adhesions begin to break and theof a physician or licensed physical therapist.
inflammation subsides. However, there can be muchExercise in the early stages of adhesive capsulitis
longer lasting effects if the shoulder is not treatedshould focus on gentle ROM and strengthening of the
properly. In some cases I have seen the effects last asupportive muscles around the shoulder and avoidance
lifetime. Therefore the lady's question "Is frozenof strong stretching or forced joint range of motion to
shoulder permanent?" turns out to be an importantkeep inflammatory reaction down. As the inflammation
question needing good answers.calms down, one can begin to add in progressive
During the many months of decreased shoulderstretching and joint mobilization to increase functional
mobility as the three stages of adhesive capsulitis takeROM. In the latter stages or thawing stage, more
their course, the rotator cuff muscles weaken and theforceful stretching can be applied concurrent with
joint capsule tissue surrounding these muscles stiffens.progressive rotator cuff strengthening to return the
This can place the shoulder at significant risk for cuffextremity to full mobility. A common mistake in early
tears, arthritis, and possible osteopenia (thinning of thetreatment of this syndrome is trying to force range of
bone). All bones require weight bearing stress andmotion or "break" adhesions which only lead to an
stress at the muscle/tendon juncture to maintaininflamed shoulder, frustration, followed by
optimum health. Therefore after many months ofhopelessness. This mindset of treatment is what can
decreased use and range of motion due to pain andmake a frozen shoulder permanent.