Prevention of Shoulder Injuries Associated With Swimming

Swimming is a sport enjoyed by athletes of all ages.strain on the shoulder. It is also critical to vary your
Although it is not commonly associated with a high riskswim stroke during workouts since constantly
of injury, swimming does have its own problems. Forswimming freestyle can put a lot of stress on the
swimmers, the biggest source of sidelining injuries is theshoulder joint causing an overuse injury.
shoulder. While there may be a number of underlyingSuddenly increasing your distance or your intensity can
causes for shoulder pain, the condition is commonlyalso cause injury. It is important to gradually increase
referred to as "swimmer's shoulder" or rotator cuffyour workouts to allow a safe progression. Training
tendonitis. The symptoms associated with this conditiontactics such as using buoys and hand paddles can
include pain in the anterior shoulder and pain thatincrease the strain on the shoulder and should be
increases with shoulder elevation.avoided. As your training intensity increases, it is
The shoulder is a unique joint, similar to a golf ball on anecessary to appropriately strengthen the shoulder
tee, or a ball and socket joint. The ball is the head ofcomplex to ensure proper mechanics.
the arm, medically termed as the humerus bone. TheProper strengthening of the muscles that surround the
socket (or tee) is called the glenoid fossa. The designscapula and the rotator cuff is an important step to
of the shoulder joint allows the least amount ofpreventing injury. Seated rows and lat pull downs are
restriction to movement, which enables the use ofexamples of exercises that target the scapula
arms with greater dexterity than legs. However, thisstabilizers. Rotator cuff strengthening should be done
makes the shoulder relatively unstable and prone towith light weights or resistance bands since these
injury. A group of four muscles called the rotator cuff,muscles are small and fatigue easily. Examples of
are involved with fine movement of the shoulder. Thethese exercises include internal and external rotation of
muscles that comprise the rotator cuff help tothe shoulder. Strength training should be done
correctly position the humerus in the glenoid fossa.separately from swim training since the muscles will be
Swimmers can have muscle imbalances due to overtoo fatigued if performed in conjunction. However,
development of their chest and relative weakness ofgentle stretching before swimming can be beneficial.
their back muscles. This can cause the humerus toThe most important thing to remember is to always
come out of proper alignment causing injuries such astrain properly. It is necessary to perform a warm up
impingement (pinching of tendons), overstretching ofand cool down, stretch, and correctly strengthen your
ligaments, or tightness in the joint. These problems canshoulders. Never attempt to work through the pain. Let
sideline an athlete and, if not cared for, eventually leadyour coach know if you have an injury and seek
to more serious problems such as chronic tendonitis,proper treatment to avoid further, more serious
labrum or tendon tears.problems. These basic steps will allow optimal
Incorrect training techniques can also be the cause ofperformance throughout the season. If you have
these injuries. Methods such as reaching too far, overquestions or problems, contact an Excel Physical
rotating, or crossing over in freestyle are examplesTherapy location closest to you or visit our website at
that can lead to shoulder pain. Your elbows should beexcelpt.
bent when underwater during the pull to decrease the