Shoulder Pain - The Solution Starts With Finding the Correct Diagnosis

Shoulder pain is a very common complaint responsibleclinical judgment are invaluable in guiding the
for millions of doctor visits each year. Shoulder painconfirmatory diagnostic tests I order. In other words,
can result from literally hundreds of causes andsuccessful treatment starts with first establishing the
affects every age group.correct diagnosis.
Because it is common to have some pain with certainOnce a working diagnosis is formulated, the
activities and sports like pitching, swimming, etc. it canappropriate confirmatory diagnostic tests are ordered.
be difficult to tell the difference between benignMany patients request an MRI for pain-one of the
shoulder pain and shoulder pain that is trying to sendproblems with just ordering an MRI of the shoulder for
you a message that something is really wrong. Thisall shoulder pain is that the diagnostic accuracy of an
can be difficult at all levels including professionalMRI is highly variable depending on the diagnosis.
athletes- highlighted with the recent episode involvingEspecially for tears deep in the shoulder an MRI
professional pitcher Stephen Strasburg. For overheadarthrogram is more accurate. Because no diagnostic
sports like baseball, the margin of error can be verytest is perfect, it is not unusual to have a patient come
small and a benign appearing pain can quickly becomein with a diagnostic test with a report positive for some
a career ending injury.sort of tear, but upon performing the history and
Nerves are ultimately responsible for signaling pain andexamination the patient has a completely different
the shoulder is surrounded by a rich network ofcause for the pain and the diagnostic test results are
nerves- many are on their way to other sites in thean incidental asymptomatic finding. The opposite
body- sometimes pain or injury in one area of thescenario is also common-the history and examination
body is actually felt in another area. This is sometimesare strongly positive for pathology in a particular region,
called referred pain. Some common sources ofbut the diagnostic report is normal. I always review
referred shoulder pain include but are not limited to paindiagnostic images and tests personally because having
or disease in the gallbladder, liver, lung, diaphragm, heart,the benefit of clinical correlation often indicates
and neck (cervical spine). Some diseases-like diabetes-pathology on the diagnostic test that would not have
that cause neuropathy or alter the body's ability to feelbeen picked up otherwise. Rotator cuff tears, for
pain can also increase the risk for shoulder problems.example, are a common cause of shoulder pain, but
Injury, overuse, arthritis, and genetics along with routinethe MRI appearance and diagnostic accuracy for
wear and tear can also play an important role inrotator cuff tears can vary for multiple reasons.
shoulder pain. One of the most common nerves oftenPain changes our ability to remain objective and it is
overlooked as a source of shoulder pain and disabilitycommon for patients to proceed with treatments in an
is the suprascapular nerve.effort to resolve the pain without first having a clearly
With this type of pain, it is important to first determineestablished diagnosis. As frustrating as shoulder pain
what is responsible for your shoulder pain beforecan be, we recommend taking the time to establish the
jumping ahead with potentially unnecessary, expensive,correct diagnosis first in order to avoid a failed
and sometimes dangerous treatment. For me, thisshoulder surgery.
always starts with a thorough history and examination,In summary, if your shoulder pain has persisted despite
which I find to be the most important diagnostic toolsrest and simple common treatments, we highly
even though with all the advancements in modernrecommend you discuss the matter with your
medicine, it has become more common to rely onphysician to start the process of getting you a firm
diagnostic tests. Even though no one examinationdiagnosis and ultimately a solution for your shoulder
technique by itself is wholly reliable, I find thepain.
combination of multiple techniques combined with