Title of Ownership - Problems in Joint Tenancy, Right of Survivorship and Community Property

Mrs. Jones came to see me after the death of herBeware of Solutions That Create More Problems
husband because she wanted help on the distributionNext, she brought out three deeds to her residence.
of his property. She had gone to her bank to withdrawThe first deed showed that she and her husband had
one of her CDs (certificates of deposit) in the name ofowned the property as joint tenants with right of
both her and her husband. The bank officer stated,survivorship. It sounded good.
"Since your husband has died, we can't release theseHowever, in 1981, they had transferred the property
funds to you without a court order."out of their names to a third party and then back into
Warning! Joint Tenancy May Not Mean Right oftheir names. (This is called a straw-man transfer and is
Survivorshipoften used to create a new or different type of
Although the account was in both their names, it didn'tproperty ownership.) Unfortunately, they transferred
specify right of survivorship. That's the first problemthe property back as community property.
with joint tenancy: The belief that the right ofMrs. Jones didn't remember much about the transfer.
survivorship exists just because both names areShe only knew that, in 1981, she and her husband
present on the document; the ownership must actuallybecame involved in an investment they thought might
indicate a right of survivorship.increase the size of their estate. To reduce capital
If you own real estate, you may be familiar with jointgains taxes on a future sale, their attorney had
tenancy property. Deeds for married couples showrecommended they take their property out of joint
the owners as: "John Doe and Jane Doe, as husbandtenancy and title it as community property.
and wife, as joint tenants with right of survivorship andThe couple hadn't realized that community property
not as tenants in common and not as communitydoesn't avoid probate. The attorney should have
property." This means that in the event of the death ofrecommended they use a revocable living trust.
either person listed on the document, the property(Currently, a new method to hold title is available:
automatically passes to the survivor. No probate iscommunity property with right of survivorship. But this
involved.wasn't available at the time.)
That's the upside to what's known as right ofIt's uncomfortable to tell a widow that her recently
survivorship. It eliminates probate on the death of thedeceased husband's estate now owned half of her
first spouse. In those instances, in the event of theresidence. We had to probate this estate to transfer
death of either spouse, it's better to own property inhalf of the residence to her, the only heir of the estate.
joint tenancy with right of survivorship than to haveI was glad for Mrs. Jones that her case took the
that property become subject to a will and thereforeshortest amount of time I'd experienced to complete a
pass through a probate process.probate: only five and a half months. Mrs. Jones came
Revocable Living Trusts Eliminate the Dilemmasback to see me after the probate process was
Listen closely; Revocable Living Trusts can remedycompleted. She was determined that, upon her death,
problems that are inherent with joint tenancy ofall her assets could be distributed to her children
property, right of survivorship, and community property.without having to go through probate. She wisely
Although some people use joint tenancy to avoidtransferred all her assets to her own revocable living
probate, the problems associated with wills and thetrust.
probate process can still catch up with them. However,Be Prudent and Review Your Documents
property in joint tenancy doesn't avoid probate in theseDo you know how you hold title to your properties,
two events: a common disaster in which both partiesCDs and bank accounts? Review your documents
are killed or after the death of the second spouse. Inand then make an appointment with your estate
both cases, the assets must go through probate. Onlyplanning attorney to re-title or best of all, create a
a revocable living trust bypasses the delays and costsrevocable living trust.
of probate.